Building construction.



PATENTED DEU. 25, 1906.

I. H. JACKSON. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED JULYZS, 190,6.

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UNITED STATES PA'IENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

atented Dec. 25, 1906. i

Application lcd July 23, 1906. Serial No. 327,323.

To a/ZZ wiz/0m, it muy con/cern:

Be it known that I, PETER H. JACKSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at East Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State ofCalifornia, have invented new and useful Improvements in BuildingConstruction, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction of compositewalls made of iron or steel columns and brick, stone, concrete, or othermaterial, by which said columns are protected and strengthened.

My invention consists in combinations and arrangement of parts anddetails of construction which will be more fully explained by referenceto the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a perspective viewof the wall. Fig. 2 is a detail of construction. Fig. 3 shows forms ofanchors Fig. 4 illustrates a simple anchor. Fig. 5 is an end view ofwall with anchor.

The object of my invention is to strengthen brick, concrete, stone, andlike walls of buildings and structures situated between steel or ironcolumns, so that they may be kept vertical and in a line with thecolumns when subj ected to severe heat and better resist injury whensubjected to earthquake shocks.

In my improvement I employ tie-rods or metallic ties of anycross-section built in about the middle of a brick, concrete, or likewall, extending horizontally between the metal columns approximatelyabout the neutral axis of the cross-section of the wall. The ends ofthese metallic ties are attached to the vertical columns in any suitablemanner, and cross-anchors are attached to the ties extending through ornearly through the thickness of the wall to prevent its separation.

As shown in the drawings, A represents the walls of a building, whichmay be located in the middle of a block, so that the side walls aresolid and continuous and the front walls have window and other openings.

A represents the brick, concrete, or stone work within which 4thevertical steel columns 2 are embedded. These columns may be constructedin the usual manner riveted together, and extending to any heightrequired for the proposed building.

3 represents ties extending between the vertical columns, and secured inany desired manner by screw-bolts, nuts, keys, or

wedges, as may be most suitable. These tierods are disposedsubstantially central between the outer and inner faces of the brick orlike structure, so that they are sufficiently distant from either sideto be protected from any action of the heat in case of fire.

It will be understood that the tie-rods may be made of any suitable ordesired form, with surfaces capable of being embedded in and interlockedwith concrete in case such material is used.

The rods or ties may have raised portions on the surface or be notchedor twisted spirally for this purpose.

At intervals between the vertical columns are fixed transverse anchors4, which have the central portion secured to the ties 3 and the endsextending outward to near the vertical surfaces of the wall. The ends ofthese anchors may be turned up or down, or one may be turned up and onedown, as shown at 5, and embedded within the material of the wall. Theseanchors thus serve to tie the outer and inner portions of the walltogether and to prevent their being separated by alpy expansion by heator shock by earthua e.

q It will be understood that the ties extending between the columns may,as previously described, be fastened in any suitable manner, and, if thecolumns be hollow, openings can be made below the position of the ties,as shown at Fig. 2, so that the hand may be introduced with a tool, bywhich the inner ends of the ties may be fastened to the interior of thecolumn.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. A wall and like structure having in combination vertical columns,intermediate girders and horizontal ties extending between the columnsapproximately in the middle of the thickness of the wall, and providedwith anchors which extend to opposite sides of the ties, said ties andanchors being embedded in the wall structure.

2. In a building and like structure, vertical columns, ties extendinghorizontally between said columns and approximately equidistant from theouter and inner faces thereof, anchors secured to the ties at pointsbetween the columns, said anchors extending transversely outward andinward from the ties, and a wall structure of concrete, brick,

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stone andv like substance Within which the ties andithe anchors areembedded.

3 A building structure including vertically-disposedmetal columns atintervals,

5 ties extending between the said columns substantially central betweenthe outer and innerfaces thereof, anchors fixed to the ties andextending transversely, said anchors having the ends turned to an anglewith the l0 main portion, and a wall composed of concrete, brick, stoneand like substance within which the ties and anchors are embedded.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

PETER H. JACKSON.

